Gabon’s Ruling Party Secures Majority in Electio

President Oligui Nguema’s party leads after first legislative vote since 2023 coup

Gabon has entered a new political chapter with the conclusion of the first round of legislative elections since the 2023 military coup. The Democratic Union of Builders (UDB), founded by President Brice Oligui Nguema earlier this year, emerged as the frontrunner, winning 55 out of 145 seats in the National Assembly. The results underscore the rapid rise of Oligui’s party and the shift away from the Bongo family’s decades-long dominance.

Decline of the Bongo Dynasty
For over half a century, the Bongo family held power in Gabon, shaping its political landscape. However, the 2023 coup brought an abrupt end to their reign, with General Oligui Nguema seizing control and eventually being elected president in April 2024. The recent election results confirmed the fall of the former ruling party, the Parti Démocratique Gabonais (PDG), which secured only three seats on its own and four in alliance with UDB. This marks one of the steepest declines for a former ruling party in Gabon’s history.

Performance of Opposition Parties
The PDG’s poor showing signals the difficulties opposition parties face in regaining influence under the new political order. While other smaller parties contested the elections, most constituencies saw direct battles between UDB and PDG candidates. Analysts note that the opposition’s fragmentation and the strong backing of President Oligui’s administration limited their chances of making significant gains.

Second Round of Elections Ahead
The first round of voting left 77 seats undecided, paving the way for a decisive second round scheduled for October 11. Most of these constituencies remain tightly contested between UDB and PDG. Political observers believe that UDB is likely to consolidate its majority, given its strong momentum and the president’s growing popularity. The final outcome will determine the exact balance of power in the National Assembly.

Impact of the 2023 Coup
The 2023 military coup marked a turning point in Gabon’s governance. General Oligui Nguema, then head of the presidential guard, ousted Ali Bongo Ondimba shortly after contested elections sparked allegations of fraud. The move was welcomed by many Gabonese citizens who had grown weary of the Bongo family’s dominance. However, critics described it as another instance of military intervention undermining democratic processes.

Return to a Presidential System
Following his rise to power, President Oligui restored a presidential system in Gabon, reinforcing the executive branch’s influence over governance. His victory in April’s presidential elections cemented his authority, while the adoption of a new electoral code allowed military figures, including himself, to contest political office. This has reshaped Gabon’s democratic institutions and sparked debate over the balance of power between civilian and military leadership.

Controversial Electoral Code

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The electoral code, adopted ahead of the 2024 elections, remains one of the most debated reforms. It granted military personnel the right to run for office without resigning from service, effectively legitimizing Oligui’s candidacy. While supporters hailed the code as a necessary step to stabilize the country, opponents argued that it blurred the line between the military and political institutions. This controversy continues to fuel discussions about Gabon’s democratic future.

Shifting Public Sentiment
Many Gabonese citizens see the rise of UDB as a chance for political renewal after decades of dominance by a single family. Younger voters, in particular, have embraced President Oligui’s promise of reform, transparency, and modernization. Nonetheless, there remains skepticism about whether the consolidation of power under a former military leader will deliver the democratic reforms promised during the coup.

Regional and International Reactions
The international community has been closely watching Gabon’s political transition. While some African governments have recognized the elections as a step forward, Western powers have raised concerns about the inclusivity of the process. Regional organizations have urged Gabon to ensure the second round of voting is free, fair, and transparent to strengthen legitimacy and avoid unrest.

Outlook for Gabon’s Future
The upcoming second round will be crucial in determining Gabon’s political direction. If UDB secures a commanding majority, President Oligui will gain significant control over both the executive and legislative branches, allowing him to implement his vision for reform. However, the marginalization of opposition forces could lead to concerns about political pluralism and the concentration of power. For ordinary Gabonese, the hope is that this new era brings tangible improvements in governance, economic stability and development.

 

 

 

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